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Rear Admiral John Porter Merrell (7 September 1846 – 8 December 1916) was an officer in the United States Navy. He served in the Spanish–American War and as the 11th President of the Naval War College. ==Naval career== Merrell was born in Auburn, New York, on 7 September 1846,〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕 the son of John Camp Merrell and the former Jane A. Allen.〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 He entered the United States Naval Academy on 20 July 1863,〔Hamersly, p. 235.〕〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 graduating in June 1867.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕〔Hamersly, p. 235.〕〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 Merrells first assignment was to the European Squadron from 1867 to 1870.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕 While there, he served aboard the screw sloop-of-war from 1867 to 1868, was promoted to ensign on 18 December 1868,〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 and served aboard the screw sloop-of-war from 1869 to 1870.〔Hamersly, p. 235.〕 Merrell returned from Europe in 1870 and performed signals duty in Washington, D.C.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕 He was promoted to master on 21 March 1870.〔Hamersly, p. 235.〕〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 From 1870 to 1871, he participated in the Darién Surveying Expedition, which attempted to survey a route for a canal across the Isthmus of Panama.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕〔(Anonymous, "The Darlen Surveying Expedition, ''The New York Times'', September 18, 1870, p. 5. )〕 After returning from the expedition, Merrell – who was promoted to lieutenant on 21 March 1871〔Hamersly, p. 235.〕〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 – served at the Naval Torpedo Station in Newport, Rhode Island, from 1871 or 1872 (sources vary〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial ) claims that Merrells Naval Torpedo Station tour began in 1871. while Hamersly, p. 235, and Marquis, p. 1306, both claim it began in 1872.〕) to 1875, then aboard the screw frigate in the North Atlantic Squadron from 1875 to 1877.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕〔Hamersly, p. 235.〕 He was the officer-in-charge of the Naval Ordnance Proving Ground from 1877 to 1879.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕 In 1879, Merrell returned to sea, serving aboard the third-rate screw steamer in the North Atlantic Squadron and South Atlantic Squadron until 1881, when he transferred to the screw sloop-of-war in the North Atlantic Squadron, remaining aboard her until 1882.〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 After leaving ''Shenandoah'', Merrell taught mathematics, physics, mechanics, and chemistry at the U.S. Naval Academy from 1882 to 1887, then returned to sea from 1887 to 1889 as a member of the staff of the commander-in-chief of the European Squadron, embarked consecutively aboard the steamer , the screw corvette , and the screw sloop-of-war as each of those ships served as flagship.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 He was promoted to lieutenant commander during this tour on 28 May 1888.〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 Merrell again taught mathematics at the U.S. Naval Academy from 1889 to 1893, serving as head of the Applied Mathematics Department from 1890 to 1893.〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 He then served on the Asiatic Squadron aboard the protected cruiser from 1893 to 1895,〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 and from 1895 to 1896 was a member of the State Department Commission charged with investigating anti-foreign riots in Szechuan in the Chinese Empire.〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 Merrell was promoted to commander on 1 November 1896〔(Naval History and Heritage Command: Officers of the Continental and U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, 1775–1900. )〕 and was inspector in the 13th Lighthouse District from 1896 until January 1898, when he joined the staff of the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island. After the Spanish–American War broke out in April 1898, he transferred in May 1898 to the North Atlantic Squadron, where he served aboard the steamer and the stores ship .〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 Leaving ''Glacier'', he became the equipment officer at the New York Navy Yard in Brooklyn, New York, in October 1898. He then served aboard the protected cruiser from 1899 until 1900, when he became equipment officer at the Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth, Virginia. Promoted to captain on 26 September 1901, he served as Commandant of Naval Station New Orleans in New Orleans, Louisiana, from 1901 to June 1903, then returned to the staff of the Naval War College until October 1903, when he resumed his commandant duties at New Orleans. He returned to the Asiatic Squadron in 1904 as commanding officer of the battleship .〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 Relinquishing command of ''Oregon'', Merrell returned to Newport, Rhode Island, to became the 11th President of the Naval War College on 24 May 1906. While president, he was promoted to rear admiral on 19 March 1907. The most notable event of his presidency was the suspension by direction of President Theodore Roosevelt of the 1908 summer course on 8 July so that the General Board of the United States Navy, the bureau chiefs of the United States Department of the Navy, and the colleges staff and students could participate in a "Battleship Conference" at the college, with Roosevelt himself visiting to chair the conference for a day on 22 July 1908. Secretary of the Navy Victor H. Metcalf closed the conference on 1 September 1908.〔(U.S. Naval War College Chronology of Courses and Significant Events 1900–1909 )〕〔Marquis, p. 1306.〕 Merrell was placed on the retirement list on 7 September 1908, but at the request of Secretary of the Navy Metcalf remained on active duty for an additional 13 months until 6 October 1909, when his college presidency ended and he left active Navy service.〔(Adm John Porter Merrell (1846–1916) Find-A-Grave Memorial )〕〔(Past Presidents page at Naval War College official Web site )〕〔(Anonymous, "Admiral Merrell Retires; Will Give Up Presidency of Naval War College Today," ''The New York Times'', October 6, 1909. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Porter Merrell」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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